Lumbar Spondylolisthesis

Lumbar Spondylolisthesis is a spinal condition where one vertebra slips forward over the one beneath it. It’s a condition that approximately 5% of the population will experience at some point in their lives.

Types of Spondylolisthesis 

1. Degenerative Spondylolisthesis

This type predominantly occurs in older women, typically at the L4/5 level. It often induces lower back pain and various symptoms due to the compression of the lumbar nerve roots, such as weakness, numbness, and tingling in one or both legs. This variant is marked by disc degeneration leading to facet joint hypertrophy and is usually stable, allowing for decompression without the necessity for fusion.

2. Lytic or Spondylotic Listhesis

This is usually seen at the L5/S1 level, presenting most often in teenagers or those in their 20s. It’s common in sports like cricket due to the stress fractures sustained in the pars region of the L5 vertebra. The fracture arises through a thin part of the vertebra located between the two articular processes, referred to as the pars or pars interarticularis. This type of spondylolisthesis is primarily due to repetitive stress in the lumbar spine.

Treatment Approach

The initial treatment typically involves exercise and physiotherapy. However, most patients will likely need a posterior fusion with pedicle screws when symptoms become substantial. The surgery is usually effective and provides a cure. Nevertheless, considering the long-term implications of fusion surgery, it’s typically reserved for cases with significant symptoms.

Lumbar spondylolisthesis is a spinal condition characterized by the slippage of one vertebra over another. It is usually graded by severity, with most cases being stable Grade 1 slips. The condition is classified into degenerative and lytic or spondylotic, each having different presentations and predispositions. Treatment involves conservative measures initially, progressing to surgical intervention when symptoms become substantial. Surgical interventions, particularly fusion surgery, are considered keeping in mind the significant implications, ensuring it’s performed as a well-considered option.

For specialized neurological and spinal care, set up an appointment with Dr BSV Raju, a foremost expert in the field.

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